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How DLDR Works at C7-T1 : Precision Access : Using advanced imaging guidance, a tiny tubular retractor gently spreads muscle fibers without cutting them, creating a surgical corridor to the C7-T1 level Endoscopic Visualization : A high-definition endoscopic camera provides magnified, illuminated views of the surgical areafar superior to microscopic visualization used in traditional surgery Laser Decompression : A surgical-grade Holmium:YAG laser precisely vaporizes only the inflamed, damaged disc material, compressing the C8 nerve root Annular Tear Debridement : The laser debrides the painful annular tear, addressing the source of discogenic pain that fusion doesnt treat Preservation of Structure : The healthy disc is left intact, spinal motion is maintained, and no hardware is implanted Advantages of DLDR Over Traditional C7-T1 Surgery : Outpatient procedure : Patients go home the same day Minimal incision : Less than inch compared to 1-2 inches for traditional approaches No fusion : Natural spinal motion is preserved at the critical cervicothoracic junction No hardware : No plates, screws, or cages that can loosen, migrate, or cause complications Rapid recovery : Most patients return to light activities within 1-2 weeks Published outcomes : 94.6% success rate with zero major complications in peer-reviewed studies 12 Addresses root cause : Treats both nerve compression AND the inflamed annular tear Recent advances in full-endoscopic spine surgery have made procedures at the challenging C7-T1 level increasingly safe and effective
Windholz, 1983) Relative molecular mass: 373.9 CAS number: 7220-79-3 (trihydrate) and 67-73-4 (anhydrous) Commercial methylene blue is the double chloride of tetramethylthionine and zinc and is not suitable for medicinal use (Windholz, 1983)
Statements Author contributions YZ: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal Analysis, Writing - original draft
doi: 10.1016/j.tplants.2016.12.008 52 GestN.GarcheryC.GautierH.JimnezA.StevensR
