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The seven participants who did not complete the study testing included three individuals that developed musculoskeletal injuries from other activities (intramural sports), two that did not maintain consistent levels of exercise training, and two that declined to participate in the final sprint testing session

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The bioavailability of supplemental acetyl-L-carnitine has not been as well studied, though some evidence suggests slightly higher circulating concentrations compared to equivalent L-carnitine doses, with peak plasma levels typically achieved 24 hours after oral administration [5][12]

Acetyl-L-Carnitine: L-Carnitine with an extra acetyl molecule group

No differences were found for power output or time to exhaustion at 85% of VO 2peak

In contrast, D-carnitine, the L-carnitine enantiomer, can negatively affect the body, including potential toxicity to the heart and muscles (de Andrs et al., 2010)